فرزندآوری در روایات و احادیث اسلامی
فرزندآوری در روایات و احادیث اسلامی
فرزندآوری در روایات و احادیث اسلامی را در تحقیق زیر بخوانید:
مقدمه
کاهش نرخ فرزندآوری در جامعه امروز ما نتیجه ترویج مبانی نظری ای است که طی دو دهه گذشته
در مجامع عمومی طرح شده و به تدریج جا افتاده اند. از طرفی شرایط سخت اقتصادی و اجتماعی دوران فعلی،
نه تنها کسی را برای این تصمیم سرنوشت ساز تشویق نمی کند
که حتی همه انگیزه های او را برای تجربه فرزندآوری از بین می برد.
متأسفانه در جهت ترویج اندیشه «زندگی بهتر با فرزند کمتر»،
منابع دینی نادیده گرفته شده و در حال حاضر با دوری از آنها، گاهی این سئوال طرح می شود که آیا منابع دینی ما
(آیات قرآن و روایات) در موضوع فرزند آوری نگاهی اثبات گرایانه دارند؟!
و آیا می توان مستظهر به آن، از مؤمنین به اسلام خواست که فرزند بیاورند؟
آیا این منابع توصیه ای صریح و مستقیم در این باره دارند؟ وقتی منابع دینی ما الزامی بر بچه دار شدن ندارند،
چرا ما با آوردن یک انسان به این دنیا اسباب زجر فرزند و زحمت خود را فراهم آوریم؟!
احادیث صریح و صحیح السند مشوّق فرزندآوری
بیانات حضرات معصومین(علیهم السلام) مملوّ از تعابیر و توصیفات پسندیده ای است که ازدواج و ازدیاد نسل را ستوده اند.
در میان احادیث تشویق کننده فرزندآوری، تعدادی از آنها یافت می شود
که از اسناد بسیار صحیحی در سلسله راویان شان برخوردارند. این احادیث عبارت اند از:
- در حدیثی از امام محمد باقر(علیه السلام) می خوانیم:
«الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ رَزِینٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِی جَعْفَرٍ ع قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(ص)
تَزَوَّجُوا بِکْراً وَلُوداً وَ لَا تَزَوَّجُوا حَسْنَاءَ جَمِیلَهً عَاقِراً فَإِنِّی أُبَاهِی بِکُمُ الْأُمَمَ یَوْمَ الْقِیَامَهِ»( الکافی،ج ۵، ص ۳۳۳٫)؛
(پیامبر فرمود با دختر باکره ای که فرزندآور است ازدواج کنید و با زن نازای زیبا ازدواج نکنید
زیرا من به فزونی جمعیت شما در روز قیامت مباهات می کنم).
روشن است که تشویق به ازدواج با زن فرزندآور و بیان علتى که براى آن ذکر نموده (مباهات به فزونى جمعیت)
دلالت برمطلوبیت فرزند زیاد دارد تا آنجا که برخی فقها به این حدیث
برای استحباب به ازدواج با دختر باکره زایا استدلال کرده اند.( الروضه البهیه فی شرح اللمعه الدمشقیه، ج ۲، ص ۶۴٫)
…
- در حدیثی از امام صادق(علیه السلام) می خوانیم:
«عِدَّهٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ یَحْیَى عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ
عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِی عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(ص) أَکْثِرُوا الْوَلَدَ أُکَاثِرْ بِکُمُ الْأُمَمَ غَدا»
( الکافی،ج ۶، ص ۲٫)؛ (رسول خدا فرمود:
بر تعداد فرزندان بیافزایید تا در روز قیامت به فزونی شما بر امت ها تفاخر کنم).
در این حدیث پیامبر مستقیما و صریحا امر به ازدیاد فرزندآوری کرده است که دلالت آن
بر مطلوبیت این موضوع و استحبابش روشن است.
…
- از امام صادق(علیه السلام) نقل شده که فرمود:فردی نزد پیامبر(ص) آمد و عرض کرد:
ای پیامبر خدا من دختر عمویی دارم که از زیبایی، خوش اخلاقی و دینش راضی شده ام ولی نازاست.
پیامبر فرمود با او ازدواج نکن؛ زیرا یوسف بن یعقوب وقتى با برادرش ملاقات کرد، گفت: برادر جان!
چگونه توانستى پس از من، ازدواج کنى؟ عرض کرد: پدرم به من دستور داد و فرمود:
اگر مى توانى فرزندانى داشته باشى که بر روى زمین با تسبیح الهى سنگینى کنند، اینکار را بکن.
امام صادق(ع) فرمود: فرداى آن روز نیز مردى خدمت پیامبر خدا(ص) آمد و همان سؤال را پرسید. پیامبر(ص) فرمود:
با زن سوءاء فرزندآور ازدواج کن، زیرا من در روز قیامت به شما بر سایر امت ها افتخار می کنم.
راوی می گوید به امام صادق(ع) عوض کردم مراد از سوءاء چیست؟ فرمود زن زشت رو).( الکافی، ج ۵، ص ۳۳۳٫)
این حدیث از جوانب مختلف بر مطلوبیت فرزندآوری و فراوانی اولاد دلالت می کند:
الف. امر به ازدواج با دختر فرزندآور.
ب. تعلیل به تفاخر بر امت ها در روز قیامت به فراوانی جمعیت مسلمانان.
ج. مطلوبیت ازدیاد تسبیح کنندگان.
د. ترجیح ازدواج با زن «زشت روی فرزندآور» بر ازدواج با زن «زیبای نازا».
…
- از جابر بن عبدالله نقل شده که: نزد پیامبر بودیم که فرمود:
بهترین زنان شما زن فرزندآور با محبت و با عفت، گرامی در میان خانواده، متواضع در مقابل شوهر،
آرایش کننده برای شوهر و خودنگهدار در مقابل غیر اوست».( الکافی،ج ۵، ص ۳۲۴٫)
این حدیث بدان سبب که بهترین زنان امت را «فرزندآورترین» آنها برشمرده،
به خوبی دال بر مطلوبیت فرزندآوری در آموزه های نبوی و اسلامی به عنوان یک عمل مستحب است.
…
- امام صادق(علیه السلام) می فرماید:رسول خدا(ص) فرمود با دختران باکره ازدواج کنید
زیرا آنها از جهت بوی دهان خوشبوتر و از حیث شیردهی پرشیرتر و از لحاظ رحم فراخ ترند؛
آیا نمی دانید که من در روز قیامت به فزونی شما بر امّتها حتی به جنین سقط شده افتخار می کنم؟).
التوحید، صدوق،ص ۳۹۵٫)
این حدیث ضمن برشماری ویژگی های ارجح زنان برای انتخاب به عنوان همسر،
بر مطلوبیت ازدیاد فرزند دلالت دارد و ازدواج را راهی برای فزونی جمعیت مؤمنین معرفی می کند.
دلالت این احادیث بر پسندیده بودن فرزندآوری بسیار روشن است
و می توان آنها را به عنوان یکی از بهترین مشوّق های ازدیاد جمعیت در میان مسلمانان در نظر گرفت.
مشاهده مطالب و محتوای بیشتر در موضوع فرزندآوری
مشاهده بیشتر مطالب در سایت صبح قریب
دیدگاه ها
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